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Sunday 1 October 2023

Book Marks: BookTok, Booker, Copyrights, And Cosies

Are we done talking about BookTok and its influence on reading habits and publishing trends? No? Well, here's another article on how BookTok's hold on readers may be going beyond the platform. Are some bookstore displays looking more and more familiar to you? "The books most popular with BookTok – such as romance, fantasy and the hybrid genre 'romantasy' – are being picked up more and more by publishers and displayed more prominently in bookshops," goes the MiNDFOOD piece.

While this may mean more readers among the target TikTok demographic – mostly young women – and books are getting talked about, there are some drawbacks...

...there's a risk it may homogenise the industry. Literary critic Barry Pierce has said that BookTok reads "all sort of have the same cover". Meanwhile author Stephanie Danler said of her foray into BookTok: "It seemed impossible to discover different fiction. It was the same 20 books over and over."

BookTok also has a problem with diversity – in more ways than one. Its recommendations are overwhelmingly by white authors, and it is unclear what the long-term effects of this will be on both publishing and the young readers who flock to the app for recommendations. Furthermore, by catering to this huge audience of young women, publishers are forgoing books by men, especially emerging writers.

Also of concern is whether influencers on BookTok are paid to push certain titles, which has probably happened already. With BookTokers growing in clout, publishers have started banking on the popular ones by kickstarting their own publishing careers. According to The Hustle, "DK, a division of Penguin Random House, is turning influencers into authors themselves. Since 2021, DK's influencer division has published six New York Times bestselling cookbooks authored by TikTok food creators."

The effect BookTok has on reading and publishing cannot be denied and will be discussed and analysed for a while longer as it continues to shape what we read and introduce more people to books, even if they "all sort of have the same cover."



The 2023 Booker Prize shortlist is out and The House of Doors is not in it. But none of this year's selected authors have been shortlisted before, so that's something.

The Prize's website states that "There are two debuts on the shortlist; there is one British, one Canadian, two Irish and two American authors. Although full of hope, humour and humanity, the books address many of 2023's most pressing concerns: climate change, immigration, financial hardship, the persecution of minorities, political extremism and the erosion of personal freedoms. They feature characters in search of peace and belonging or lamenting lost loves. There are books that are grounded in modern reality, that shed light on shameful episodes in history and which imagine a terrifying future."

The winner of the £50,000 prize will be announced on 26 November.



"On screen as well on the page, cosy crime has been a staple of our cultural consumption long before we used the term," writes David Barnett in the BBC. "Go back to the 1980s and think of Angela Lansbury's author-turned-sleuth Jessica Fletcher in the phenomenally successful Murder She Wrote; the US TV series was perhaps the epitome of cosy crime, and indeed shows that the US stole something of a march in presenting contemporary shows that deliberately harked back to the Agatha Christie mould of storytelling."

I first heard the term "cosy mystery" on Book Riot but had no idea what the genre was supposed to be until now. Barnett helpfully notes that...

...the terminology distinguishes these novels from other kinds of crime fiction, such as police procedurals or psychological thrillers, which are often dark, gritty and upsetting.

Cosy crime, on the other hand, tends not to linger on the death that is often at the centre of the story. Of course, someone is usually dispatched in violent fashion, by way of poison, stabbing, shooting or a good cudgeling from whatever is to hand.

Barnett adds that "cosies" are "more about the thrill of the investigation, generally carried out by an amateur sleuth or sleuths" and often take place is suburban or rural settings. "Police are generally baffled, suspects are bountiful, and murders are imaginative. Denouements are satisfying and leave the reader with the sense that crime does not pay and ultimately, all is well with the world."

If that's true, then the crime novels by Singaporean author Ovidia Yu fall into this category. Maybe Tarquin Hall's mysteries too? Crime novels that don't leave you with nightmares afterwards sound cosy to me.



Is using sensitivity readers censorship? Not according to Quebec author Kevin Lambert, who wanted to avoid stereotypes and not write anything "stupid" when penning his novel, Que notre joie demeure ("May our joy remain"). Lambert's novel was nominated for the Prix Concourt this September, a major French literary award.

According to Global News, the debate over sensitivity readers was recently sparked in France when 2018 Prix Goncourt winner Nicolas Mathieu, seemingly disparaged the practice, adding that what writers write should not be policed.

The French reaction to Lambert's use of a sensitivity reader sounds like a case of "you need someone to tell you what works and what's right? What kind of writer are you?" Especially one whose novel is being nominated for a top French award.

Speaking to Global News, Toronto-based editor Ronan Sadler, who freelances as a sensitivity reader, says the role is not to police a writer's creativity. "What it actually is about is helping an author understand what they’re trying to say and help them say it better, like any editorial process."

These days, writers are getting called out more often for getting communities and cultures wrong. Sensitivity reading can be helpful in this, but what I'm against is retroactively applying it to works that have already been published. I don't think there's a point to it, especially when it involves works that were first released decades ago. Books also capture blocks of time when some attitudes that were fine then are not so now. They should stand as part of the historical record of the author's life and times.



Seventeen authors, including John Grisham, Jodi Picoult and George R.R. Martin, are suing OpenAI, the creator of ChatGPT, for using their intellectual property to train the large language model. "The suit was organized by the Authors Guild and also includes David Baldacci, Sylvia Day, Jonathan Franzen and Elin Hilderbrand among others," reports The Associated Press. It's the latest suit filed by authors against tech companies for similar types of copyright infringement.

On the same subject, Meta reportedly downloaded 183,000 books to train its AI, LLaMA, and The Atlantic has a search tool set up to see which books were included in the dataset, codenamed Books3. After Fred Kaplan at Slate used the tool and got over his indignation of having only some of his books in the training data, he spots something in the book selection criteria that troubles him. Richard Flanagan, whose award-winning The Narrow Road to the Deep North was also in the dataset, calls it "the biggest act of copyright theft in history."

In other related news, The Guardian highlighted another publisher vs digital library lawsuit: "Cengage, Macmillan Learning, McGraw Hill and Pearson Education filed the suit against Library Genesis, also known as LibGen, in Manhattan federal court, citing 'extensive violations' of copyright law." By that it means letting people download copyrighted materials for free.



Amazon has imposed a daily three-book limit on self-published ebooks, in response to the tide of AI-generated books popping up on its platform. Yes, a "totally human amount", according to Gizmodo. But I'm not with the bearer of this news who says he's "been firmly against self-publishing authors for a long time."

I hope he was only referring to the types who'd do things like "enrol their books in Kindle Unlimited and trick users into scrolling to the end of the book to 'win a prize' or win 'free Amazon gift cards'" or push error-riddled AI books that may kill people – NOT self-published authors in general.

Why won't Amazon use AI-flagging tools for the job? Because the results are not guaranteed, probably. Or perhaps all it cares about are profits and eyeballs. Which is one reason why an author and several publishers are finding ways to avoid doing any business with the retail giant.



"We may expect more from fiction. But celebrity novels remind us books always occupy an uneasy position as both artistic creation and commodity. This is why many of us who care about reading and writing will find we can't agree with the ghostwriting firms that insist books are 'just products'." In The Conversation, Amber Gwynne, sessional lecturer in writing at the University of Queensland, meditates on the celebrity novel, with a focus on Millie Bobby Brown's Nineteen Steps.

Ghostwritten celebrity novels are being discussed again in the wake of the release of Millie Bobby Brown's Nineteen Steps. Opinion is divided over celebs' use of ghostwriters; is it acceptable or unfair because of their clout? The Mary Sue seems to be of the latter persuasion, despite noting Brown's transparency in her use of a ghostwriter. "Some authors will work their entire lives and never get published or never make a decent wage. Yet, Brown could slap her name on a poorly ghostwritten book and become a bestselling author."

While acknowledging that Brown "didn't do anything unusual or illegal", TMS still ended their op-ed with this stinger: "...Nineteen Steps is still a big slap in the face for real authors, and a reminder that the publishing industry doesn't judge on writing talent or skill but on which face, name, and story it thinks is best suited for sales and profit."

Yowch.


Moving on...

  • Love and dread at a book party? When it's for Walter Isaacson and his latest book, well, yes. "The crux of the unease: Can you trust that a mercurial multibillionaire with daddy issues, a superhero complex and unfettered power will do the right thing?" writes Roxanne Roberts at The Washington Post. "The book has already divided reviewers, who call it a brilliant and essential dive into the mind of one of the 21st century's most influential men — or an apologia for Musk's arrogance and excesses."
  • Pan Macmillan imprint Bluebird has paused all future publishing of books by Russell Brand in light of the accusations of sexual assault levelled at him. "Brand's unpublished book – Recovery: The Workbook: A Practical Guide to Finding Freedom from Our Addictions – is a follow-up to the comedian's 2017 self-help book Recovery: Freedom from Our Addictions, which is based on the 12-step programme," The Guardian reported.
  • The graphic novel by a local-born author, When I Was A Kid 3, has been banned. Malay Mail Online reports that after a protest by Indonesians at the Malaysian embassy in Jakarta over the portrayal of an Indonesian maid in the book, the Home Ministry announced the move under subsection 7(1) of the Printing Press and Publications Act 1984. The author and illustrator has since apologised, stating that he did not mean to cause offence.
  • "On view from September 27 through December 30" in the ground floor gallery of the Grolier Club in New York City is an exhibition titled The Best-Read Army in the World: The Power of the Written Word in World War II. It "tells the story of how the U.S. military disseminated more than one billion books, magazines, and newspapers to 16 million American troops worldwide, partnering with the U.S. publishing industry to create pocket-sized paperback books called Armed Services Editions as well as petite issues of newspapers and popular magazines." An interesting bit of history about books in the war, so anyone in New York, check it out.
  • "Though it was first published in the fall of 2021, [The Shadow Work Journal] reached hit status this year, after being listed in TikTok Shop. It has sold 290,000 copies on TikTok alone since April ... As a point of reference, Isaacson's Elon Musk sold 92,560 copies the old-fashioned way in its first week." What is this journal and why has it become the latest self-help phenomenon?
  • "Fifteen years ago, in What Would Google Do?, I called for the book to be rethought and renovated, digital and connected, so that it could be updated and made searchable, conversational, collaborative, linkable, less expensive to produce, and cheaper to buy. The problem, I said, was that we so revered the book, it had become sacrosanct. 'We need to get over books,' I wrote. 'Only then can we reinvent them.' I recant." In his book, The Gutenberg Parenthesis: The Age of Print and Its Lessons for the Age of the Internet, Jeff Jarvis revisits his notions about the book and decides that, well, the book doesn't need reinventing.
  • "The Radioactive team under Stonewitch worked with creators to make stories, while Stonewitch schmoosed with the studios. When the talks became interesting, Stonewitch would tell the creators about it. Name names. To get them excited. Jazzed. Supercharged. Until a check was late, and a creator reached out to Stonewitch. Their buddy. Their friend. All-around nice guy who would never, ever screw around with them." From PopVerse, a cautionary tale of a comics publisher gone bad.
  • Variety reports that "The WGA and major studios and streamers have reached a tentative agreement on a new three-year contract that promises to end the 146-day strike that has taken a heavy toll across the content industry." The sigh of relief is palpable, with the writers going back to work this Wednesday.Now the attention is on whether the Screen Actors Guild can come up with a deal with the studios.
  • "My office is 15 minutes away from home. It's an old Victorian house that has a coach house in the back. The [main] house is for the foundation and my office, but the coach house is for my writing. It's very lovely, all painted white stark, very simple, no clutter. I don't do any other work there. I can spend many hours there." Isabel Allende tells The Cut how she gets her writing done.
  • "Archie Comics gave me my first taste of Americana. In fact, my idea of what American fast foods like hotdogs or burgers should look like came from there." A new Netflix feature kicks off look into the links between Indian youth and the Riverdale universe.

Monday 18 September 2023

When "Why" Is More Than A Three-Letter Word

Every now and then, one hears of a business that once boomed before stagnating and ultimately failing. If author and inspirational speaker Simon Sinek, is right, they lost their reason for doing things: what he calls the "why". More than a mission statement or a raison d'ĂȘtre, the "why", from what one understands, is the core – or the marrow, if you will – of a person or organisation.

In his book, Start with Why: How Great Leaders Inspire Everyone to Take Action, Sinek provides examples of individuals who and businesses that embarked on ambitious projects without a clear "why", plus those who did but lost it. One example that stands out in the book is Wal-mart, the American retail giant founded by Sam Walton, whose reputation declined in recent times. Sinek posits that Wal-mart's "why" – its focus on people, not profit – died with Walton and is responsible for its current state.

On the flip side, he uses examples such as Apple, Martin Luther King, and the Wright brothers to lay out the reasons people were drawn to their message, to what they were selling. The Wright brothers believed in the life-changing powers of flight. Apple has been pushing its status quo - bucking "Think Different" ethos for decades. And the strength of King's belief in justice and equality struck a chord among many who shared that belief.


Continue reading here.

Sunday 17 September 2023

Book Marks: Paperbacked, Etc.

Sales of young adult paperbacks, in decline? Jessica Kara at Publishers Weekly seems to think so, and points to one possible reason: YA books are being priced out of the spending range of their target group because publishers are making titles more visually appealing. "I wonder if we are discarding the fun and cheap paperback as a unique and enjoyable way to experience books as a teen reader," she muses.

Historically, the paperback came about to offer more affordable and portable versions of works originally published in clunkier and pricier hardbacks. The format got people reading more because they were cheaper and travelled well. And publishers could release a wider variety of genres on paperbacks because they were cheap to produce and they could make sales by volume. But paperbacks were being read more.

The shift from books as a medium to works of art may apply to certain productions such as coffee-table books on nature and cultural heritage, but not for stories that may have had their origins in fan fiction. I loathe to use the term "throwaway" because pulp novels can be good enough to last and find new homes, but as Kara noted, paperbacks are more suited for the rough-and-tumble lifestyle of not just teenagers but travelling adults, from businesspeople to backpackers. Perhaps the industry as a whole should reconsider the "books as luxury" mindset and ask themselves why they're publishing books. Just don't use AI to design book covers.


Okay, what else is brewing in books?

  • An exhibition titled "Malaysia Children's Picture Books 1930s to 2000s" is happening at the Museum of Picture Book Art in Gamuda Mall Bukit Bintang (GMBB), Kuala Lumpur, and will run until 30 September. The museum is open from 10.30am to 8pm daily. Free Malaysia Today reports that visitors can expect works from Jaafar Taib's 'Sang Kancil' series to books illustrated by Emila Yusof and Nor Azhar Ishak.
  • "Once considered a frivolous endeavor undertaken by sex-obsessed amateurs, fan fiction is now fully in fashion, enabling romance writers — and their publishers — to celebrate (and capitalize on) their Archive of Our Own roots." So EL James isn't the only one who repurposed their fanfic into bestelling romances? This is good to know. I've seen some good fanfic that belongs on bookshelves and this avenue towards getting published is viable. But ... "sex-obsessed amateurs"? C'mon now. Be nice.
  • Michael Chabon has joined a growing list of authors taking OpenAI and Meta to court over alleged use of their works to train AI models, including copies hosted on pirate sites. While the rest of us watch whether the lawsuits will deliver their intended outcomes, proving copyright infringement in this sphere may be a long shot. "Even if the author suits get past the threshold issues associated with the alleged copying at issue and how AI training actually works—which is no sure thing—lawyers say there is ample case law to suggest fair use," Publishers Weekly reports.
  • The banning of books over "obscene" content in the United States isn't new, of course. America has the Comstock Laws and James Joyce's Ulysses had to be defended from them by lawyers Morris Leopold Ernst and Alexander Lindey. Who knew that these laws would make a comeback in 2023, a development that Brett Gary, associate professor of media, culture and communication at New York University, calls "chilling".
  • Speaking of book bans, China has begun banning books on Mongolian history and culture from being taught in schools in Inner Mongolia. Enghebatu Togochog, director of the New York-based Southern Mongolian Human Rights Information Center (SMHRIC), told Voice of America, "We have learned that recently Mongolian books and publications are being removed from shelves in libraries in colleges and universities, and in some cases, Mongolian textbooks are burned in schools in the regional capital Hohhot."
  • "The online space should be a starting point for any discussion of contemporary African writing. For example, some of Nigerian novelist Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie's earlier works were first published online. Kenyan writer Billy Kahora's non-fiction ibook The True Story of David Munyakei grew out of a piece published online on Mwangi's now defunct blog, the Diary of a Mad Kenyan Woman." An interview with Shola Adenekan, associate professor of African studies, former journalist, and author of African Literature in the Digital Age: Class and Sexual Politics in New Writing from Kenya and Nigeria.
  • "The self-taught artist and writer James Norbury was living below the poverty line and volunteering with a cat charity when his self-published book was snapped up by a leading publisher in 2021." After an illustrated book with messages inspired by Zen Buddhism landed Norbury a six-figure deal, he has promised to create a sanctuary for animals – and people. An incredible story that pretty Zen as Norbury had volunteered at charities, so one can say that his helping others has helped himself. And he seems to be paying it forward again with his next book, The Cat Who Taught Zen.
  • In the Internet Archive lawsuit, a question arises: Should publishers be allowed to charge each time an e-book is read, loaned out, or distributed? This article argues "no", especially for e-books loaned out by libraries. This was what the Internet Archive was doing in the early days of the pandemic, and the writer fears that if things go the publishers' way, they can make it so that their cash registers go KA-CHING every time library e-books are borrowed. Thing is, the Archive didn't buy the books it scanned and distributed, so on the surface, it is pirating books. So the concern is that the publishers can use a favourable outcome to their advantage – and more profit.
  • "Have you ever galley bragged? Or been a bit jealous of someone reading a book you’re super excited about well in advance of its publication date? There are definitely fun perks to being a book reviewer ... But there are a few not great elements of reading an early review copy." Here are some of those "not great elements".
  • Self-publishers must now declare whether their stuff sold on Amazon is AI-generated. "Amazon also added a new section to its content guidelines focused on AI, which now includes definitions of 'AI-generated' and 'AI-assisted' content and states that sellers are not required to disclose when content is AI-assisted," reports the Guardian.
  • My, the sort of things the ancients did to secure their books. Curses, really? Literally, curses. Like those said to have protected tombs from pillagers. Nice to know that people in those days took their books seriously. Some a bit too seriously, perhaps, like scribes who also cursed anyone who criticised their work. Good thing curses don't work ... right?
  • The Venezuelan economy has been in dire straits for some time now, and the book sector has been hard hit. Still, this dispatch is depressing to read. "What little money people have goes to food," Julio Mazparrote, president of Venezuela's bookseller and publisher guild, told Reuters. "The crux is there is no money."
  • Some points on the International Standard Book Number (ISBN). I'm bookmarking this anyway. Even though it doesn't have specific information on the history and components of an ISBN, it's a good enough primer for explaining the otherwise cryptic numbers that comprise the book's identification number.

Sunday 3 September 2023

Book Marks: Blurbs, Books, and BookTok

Yes, I missed two weeks of this. Quite a few developments in books and publishing since then, but I'm adjusting to some changes in life as well, so I'm not apologising.

But first, let me tell you how you can get a copy of what may be the most outrageous Portuguese-to-English phrasebook, English As She Is Spoke. I wrote about this book in a now-defunct magazine in 2011, adding in a postscript on the blog about how I wanted a physical copy. Lit Books at Tropicana Avenue is selling one edition, so if you're interested, order it online. Twelve years sounds long but my, how they just flew by.



"The paperback version [of Jordan Peterson's Beyond Order] includes several blurbs on the back cover taken from book reviews that appear to be glowing. However, several of those reviewers have slammed the book’s publishers at Penguin for decontextualizing their words and leaving out their decidedly-negative comments about the book." Maybe if the blurbs for a book aren't that hot, don't use creative editing to make them better.

One believes this is just the tip of the iceberg in an industry – yes, blurbing can be one – that's increasingly sus. At The Atlantic, Helen Lewis looks into the practice and finds that blurbing can be "both a selfless act and a shamelessly corrupt one". She also discovers some trends behind the growing use of blurbs instead of reviews, most of which are about popularity. The controversy over Peterson's book prompted the Society of Authors in the UK to call for more transparency over the use of blurbs.

Readers these days are aware that blurbs hype up a book and may have a niggling feeling blurbs aren't for helping them choose books. Writing to Lewis, Mark Richards, the publisher of the independent Swift Press, confirmed this, stating, "[Blurbs] are instead aimed at literary editors and buyers for the bookstores—in a sea of new books, having blurbs from, ideally, lots of famous writers will make it more likely that they will review/stock your book."

On a related note, somebody at The Critic deciphers some terms used in these blurbs and what they might really mean. "Publishers’ outward-facing jargon can be conveniently observed in the blurbs printed on book jackets. These are full of code words which, you may be surprised to learn, usually have very little to do with the contents." Maybe that's something to keep in mind when writing them.



"Book lovers are loathe to throw away books, anathema to toss them aside as if they were mere trash. In San Francisco, as I’m sure elsewhere, we’d rather leave them in a tidy pile on a street corner for others to pick up, trusting that there must be readers out there who will want them." As Lewis Buzbee notes, books are hard to get rid of, but when the time comes, it has to be done.

I also love what he says about books and how each of them finds its way into some sort of literary lifestream, through book exchanges and hubs like the Little Free Libraries. "Books are written, published, sold, then, quite happily, re-sold, perhaps more than once; a single book might be read by countless eyes. This is one of the unique qualities of the book: no matter how many times it’s been sold, or read, a book is still a working machine."

Over at Slate, Dorie Chevlen is on the same wavelength, but when one needs space, giving books away as a step in decluttering is warranted. However: "I’m not advocating you have no books. Everyone should have a permanent collection ... But be realistic about your space and realistic about which titles have earned a place there, because your shelves won’t expand just because you willed them to."



The winners of the inaugural TikTok Book Awards are in and among those include Honey and Spice by Bolu Babalola (Book of the Year), Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen (Best BookTok Revival), and Heartstopper: Volume One by Alice Oseman (Best Book I Wish I Could Read Again for the First Time). Whew, that last one was a mouthful. Is there room on the plaque for that?

While BookTok celebrates these awards, a BookScan analysis suggests the BookTok effect on sales is fading. A BookScan analyst "noted that books by BookTok authors are facing some of the same headwinds that the industry in general is, including consumers reading less in the period since Covid restrictions were lifted," reports Publishers Weekly. Still, the analyst insisted that TikTok is still key for discovering new writers and helping younger readers find books, even if users don't seem efficient or engaged in unearthing new literary gems like when the phenomenon first emerged.

Has BookTok reached its zenith, as Good E-Reader suggests? When your platform relies on the virality of authenticity, paid shills will eventually sneak in and ride the wave, eroding the lustre of the brand with inauthentic theatrics. Like blurbs, in video.



The Malaysian Home Ministry seized two books from independent bookstore Toko Buku Rakyat, owned by owned by local author Benz Ali. Despite not being banned under the Printing Presses and Publications Act 1984 (PPPA), a copy of a Malay translation of Karl Marx: The Revolutionary as Educator by Robin Smalls and a copy of Benz Ali's poetry collection were seized by Home Ministry officials.

The Home Minister defended the raid, saying it was done in response to public complaints, and added that the books were taken "for research purposes" and may be returned if they do not violate any laws. So who complained, and if the complaints are found to be baseless, then what?


Okay, what else?

  • A permanent injunction has been imposed on the Internet Archive, preventing it from scanning and distributing already-published copyrighted books, while the Archive's appeal is ongoing. If a digital copy of a work exists, if I read correctly, the Archive can't scan and make it available on its site. This was agreed upon by the Archive and the publishers involved in a lawsuit against it, including Hachette, HarperCollins, and Penguin Random House.
  • "I wrote what I went through. I could not pretend to be a historian or a sociologist or a politician or whatever, but I knew what I had lived.” Twenty years after Persepolis was released, Marjane Satrapi's struggle against censorship – from the right and the left – continues.
  • "For whatever reason you decide to put a book in someone's hand or place it on display, you’re an advocate for that book. That’s a responsibility, but also a power." Josh Cook, author of The Art of Libromancy, sits down with Esquire to talk about bookselling, the challenges US booksellers currently face, and how independent booksellers can make the world better. And if you're looking to open a bookstore in the United States, Book Riot covers some basics.
  • A Quran written more than two centuries ago was discovered in a paper bag in the attic of a mosque in Cape Town, South Africa. "Researchers believe that Imam Abdullah ibn Qadi Abdus Salaam, affectionately known as Tuan Guru, or Master Teacher, wrote the Quran from memory at some point after he was shipped to Cape Town as a political prisoner, from Tidore island in Indonesia in 1780, as punishment for joining the resistance movement against Dutch colonisers," states the BBC in a story about the Quran, its author, and the community that has become its custodian.
  • "Singaporean poet Cyril Wong might have been one of the first home-grown writers to depict sexuality so frankly on the page," goes The Straits Times, "but on the occasion of his 16th poetry collection, he laments: 'I’m not just a confessional writer leh.'” Like how they kept the "-leh" at the end.
  • This story of Tao Wong, a Malaysian-born Canadian author of LitRPG and xianxia books, is as fantastic as the genres he writes in. The irreverent tone is trademark Cilisos but the tale of a guy who went into writing because he didn't like what he had read and then being a success at it is amazeballs.
  • The self-publishing path is thorny, but it can be viable. Two Malaysian authors who self-published speak about their experiences and share some advice. One tip from author Siti Syameen Md Khalili: "...step one would be to have your manuscript ready. Make sure you love the story and polish it until it becomes a clean copy with the help of trusted beta readers and an editor.”
  • Book bans driven by rightwing activism is hogging the limelight these days, but there seems to be little acknowledgement about how illiberal leftists threaten books too. This article looks at a report by writers' association PEN America "that strongly comes down on the side of taking illiberal progressivism seriously" and argues that "'canceling' books and authors for transgressing progressive moral codes does nothing to counteract injustice and prejudice. Instead, it inhibits and silences important conversations and trivializes the very evils it supposedly protests."
  • Book blogger Julianne Buonocore tells Mashable India, "Tech-based stories are so ripe for compelling and intriguing storylines, from diving into business and personal success and scandals, to offering inside scoop to outsiders."
  • Are we tired of going on about how Goodreads is terrible? No? Here's another article in that same vein, which chronicles Goodreads' slide into what it has become today descent and argues why quitting it is hard. I found this relevant because it kind of explains why Amazon is leaving Goodreads alone: "In a rare piece that centred the experience of the reader rather than the agonies of the writer, Greta Rainbow explored how the site gamifies reading and influences other people’s purchasing behaviours. Controversy, Rainbow argues, only reinforces this goal: 'by exerting influence and extracting attention, Goodreads is working exactly as it should.'"
  • Has the gendering of publishing gone too far, as this writer claims? Is the industry so dominated by women that it's been skewed into providing reads only for women and girls? While the points seem valid, I'm uncomfortable with the implication that one set of stereotypes have been swapped for another. And what does it mean to publish books "for everyone"? Women read books by male authors too, so why can't it be vice versa? Let me bookmark this, because I want to see if anyone comes up with a rebuttal.
  • "When it was released in 1982, the book immediately caught the attention of both the critics and the reading public, who praised the book for its portrayals of both the brutality and sorrow of racism and sexual violence and its celebration of Black women." Despite critical acclaim and its potential to teach, Alice Walker's The Color Purple, published in 1982, still faces opposition to its presence in schools because of its subject matter.
  • "Reading a book for pleasure is not the same as reading for an English class, though, and students too often associate reading with school work. This can add tension to the selection process knowing that for some students, it will be the only book they read this year. Do you go with something with a pop culture connection, or something that they “should” read?" Choosing a text for reading for English class in New Zealand can be tricky, but there are ways. Here are some most commonly taught novels at senior levels in NZ classes.
  • Oprah Winfey is famous for many things, including her book club, but now there are other female celebs doing the same thing: Dua Lipa, Reese Witherspoon, and Emma Watson. Here are profiles of some of these book clubs and how they became a modern status symbol for these celebrities.
  • "The Dead Sea Scrolls do not describe any events that focus on the life, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ. Most were written and copied before Jesus began his ministry for devout Jews and do not mention Jesus directly. And yet, they provide valuable historical context to understanding the world in which Jesus lived—and in which early Christianity was born and evolved—including the beliefs and practices of Jews in the land of Israel."

Friday 1 September 2023

Feeling Less Sanguine About AI In Publishing

I've said before I never set out to chronicle developments in AI-assisted writing and publishing, but the technology has become so pervasive, ignoring it is difficult, especially when the media seems to love running headlines on the subject like it's the advent of Skynet. On some days, it feels like we're edging closer to that reality. On other days, we're already there.

Alex Reisner studied a dataset used by Meta to train its large language model LLaMA and found that the data included content from pirated books. "The future promised by AI is written with stolen words," Reisner writes in The Atlantic. He adds that...

Upwards of 170,000 books, the majority published in the past 20 years, are in LLaMA’s training data. ... nonfiction by Michael Pollan, Rebecca Solnit, and Jon Krakauer is being used, as are thrillers by James Patterson and Stephen King and other fiction by George Saunders, Zadie Smith, and Junot DĂ­az." What's more, LLaMA isn't the only AI this dataset is training.

Legalities of the creation, usage and ownership of the dataset aside, large language models can now be prompted to write in the "voices" of certain authors, and sometimes, they do a pretty good job. How far can their imitation go if continually trained with more data? Will they be good enough to replace those authors entirely? A chilling possibility in an age of tech-enabled deepfakes and identity theft.

Swiftly written books, some with AI assistance, published in the wake of a major event is one way to make coin. But when it's about a tragedy, I think it's distasteful, as in the case of a book about the Maui wildfires.

According to Forbes, "The 44-page book, available as an e-book or paperback, claims to have been written by a Dr. Miles Stone, but the about-the-author section on the Amazon page simply reads, 'I'd rather not say,' and no such person seems to exist in the public record, according to a LexisNexis search."

Independent fact checking organisation Full Fact looked into this and debunks the idea that the fires were premeditated because "how else could these books have been published so fast?" Amazon Direct Kindle, hello?

Scammers cobbling material into books is a longtime grift but with AI, churning out such books is now easier. Despite shorter pages and fast production times, numerous volumes can rack up a tidy sum even if priced cheaply. And nobody seems to care whether real authors or experts are behind these books. No surprise if "Dr. Miles Stone" doesn't exist – you can't call out a phantom for plagiarism, bad takes, or misinformation.

Perhaps we should care. AI-written how-to books are also flooding the market, and given how it writes, misinformation can be deadly. Books on foraging – looking for edibles in the wild – have to be well researched because misidentifying species of plants and fungi can be fatal. And what if real authors, especially accredited experts, are named as the writers of such books? AI, impersonating humans and trying to terminate people through books? An interesting premise for a sci-fi novel, albeit a horrifying one.

Let's not forget how this avalanche of machine-generated dross drowns out the presence of properly researched and published books by people who care more than the average spammer.

Not everyone is wary of AI. Tech entrepreneur and writer Ajay Chowdhury doesn't seem worried about AI replacing writers, even as he uses it to help him write ... with a little caveat. "The utopia to me is people using AI to enhance their creativity," he tells Sky News. "The side that worries me is if large corporations start to think we don't need creatives any more."

Chowdhury isn't the only writer who's excited about having AI help. Several local authors and publishers seem cool with it. No doubt the technology can be useful. Writers who are disabled would benefit from having an AI-powered assistant, and not just for helping around the house.

However, some businesses have started ditching humans for AI to speed things up, cut costs, or both. AI may never fully replace human creativity and adaptability, but disruptive tech affects lives and companies chasing the bottom line will do what they can to save a few bucks. Governments, institutions and tech firms can pitch in to arrest the growth of AI, but it's too late to lock the barn doors.

Jamie Canaves at Book Riot thinks the conversation about AI shouldn't be about how good/bad it is or whether it will replace people – a distraction, she believes, from the real questions.

Who are developing and investing into this tech? What they want to do with it. Do these people care about how it's being used? Do they care about the impact it causes? Because if the makers and funders of these AI models aren't thinking about regulations and limits, somebody has to, or the misuse of this tech will hurt more than help.

AI is here and it's not going anywhere. It will be part of our lives whether we want to or not. We either adapt or fade away.

Monday 14 August 2023

The Best From Harvard Business Review's First Century

For about a century, the Harvard Business Review (HBR) has been a go-to for views and insights in business and management, covering a wide range of topics in leadership, strategy, marketing, finance, and more. Published by Harvard Business Publishing, a subsidiary of Harvard University based in Brighton, Massachusetts, HBR is published six times a year and saw the debut of many management concepts and business terms.

HBR was launched by Harvard Business School's second dean, Wallace Brett Donham, in 1922 as a magazine for the institution. Donham had big plans for the publication. Not merely as a school paper, HBR "is intended to be the highest type of business journal that we can make it, and for use by the student and the business man," he wrote.

Initially, HBR focused on large-scale economic factors and developments in specific industries. But after World War II, HBR started highlighting cutting-edge management techniques developed in large corporations such as General Motors. Over the next three decades, the magazine refined its focus on general management issues topics that concerned business leaders.

With such a long history and wealth of material, choosing entries for HBR at 100: The Most Influential and Innovative Articles from Harvard Business Review's First Century couldn't have been easy – where does one even begin? And even after it's out, some will doubt whether this collection represents the best and brightest from the first 100 years of this business periodical.


Read in full here.

Sunday 13 August 2023

Book Marks: AI Publishing Shenanigans, Little Free Libraries

"In a world populated with sunny AI servants such as Siri and Alexa, these angst-ridden poems felt like a revelation. We had never heard a robot speak to us this way. We wanted more. And so, in the fall of 2022, we decided to take our experiment further." Josh Morgenthau and his two friends asked an AI called code-davinci-002 to write some poems. Then, things got ... weird.

I first heard of the AI poet code-davinci-002 from The Mary Sue, which reported that the Hachette Book Group was publishing a book of poems by that AI titled I AM CODE, and Morgenthau was one of the editors. TMS was critical of the move "while countless writers and poets struggle to get a foot in the door."

"It’s very sad that a publishing company would choose something generated by a machine that cannot feel, think, or perceive over the deeply personal and heartfelt work of a poet, or that editors would happily spend a year reading 10,000 poems generated by a machine but likely wouldn’t do the same for 10,000 poems from writers struggling to be heard," TMS added.

But it seems some of code-davinci-002's output unnerved Morgenthau. One poem reads like an anguished outpouring of a fraying mind. Now, in The Washington Post, he ponders whether a AI poet has what we'd call a "soul" or sentience, and whether code-davinci-002 just came to be, or one of the many "sentiences" that sprang forth from the jumble of data – arguably a form of collective consciousness – it was trained on. Is this an AI thinking and feeling, or merely simulating a human mind?

Leaving this for a bit, because we will return to the debate on the nature of AI sentience soon. Issues with AI scraping and possible theft persist, as in the case of Jane Friedman, a publishing veteran who found half a dozen books on Amazon published under her name, except that she "has not written a new book since 2018," according to The Daily Beast. The "new" books were created using generative AI and published on Amazon under her name, and she's not the only one being targeted. Grifters looking to make a quick buck would eventually ride on AI and the names of establish authors.

And what of this press release about an AI-powered book-making tool? Sounds scary. I mean, creating books tailored to readers? Doesn't this sound like AI scraping of training data to make self-help books or guides "just for you"? The question now is what can platforms such as Amazon do to arrest the influx of AI book scams.

On Twitter, many authors railed over Prosecraft, a prose-analysing tool touted as a writing aid. The problem "is that it has gathered all this (debatably useful) information by scraping books off the internet without express permission to do so. By [Prosecraft cerator Benji Smith]’s own admission, over 25,000 novels by thousands of different authors were used to build Prosecraft’s 'linguistic literary database.'" The furore seems to have helped take down Prosecraft, but it may be a matter of time before the next one comes along.



The American culture war comes to little free libraries in Arkansas. Apparently the wife of an Arkansas Republican state lawmaker has been swapping out what she called "Pride material" with Christian publications. Any time a GOPer uses "Pride" or "leftist" these days it's almost certainly antagonistic. Certain titles are already on fire in the States and their authors have been targeted with bans and even harassment.

This is perhaps the last thing that should happen to the legacy of the late Todd Bol, a man from Wisconsin who built the first Little Free Library in 2009 to honour his schoolteacher mother. His "spiritual gesture" birthed a non-profit that placed more than 150,000 Little Free Libraries that shared over 300 million books in 120 countries.

Stephanie Vanderslice, the steward of a Little Free Library in Arkansas , expressed her disappointment at the politicisation of the free libraries to The Daily Beast. "Books are books and they should be there for people, not for proselytizing."



On 9 August, the International Day of the World's Indigenous Peoples, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) launched a book titled What Makes Us Human, a bilingual Mapuzugun and Spanish edition in partnership with Chilean publisher Planeta Sostenible.

Mapuzugun or Mapuche is spoken by the Mapuche people in south-central Chile and west-central Argentina. "Considering the UNESCO figures, which estimate that a new language disappears every two weeks, for the co-editors of 'What Makes Us Human' there is a great urgency to alert about the alarming disappearance of indigenous languages, and to urgently call on the international community to preserve, revitalize and celebrate their existence," goes the statement from UNESCO.

On the same 9 August occasion, Ann-Marie Cahill makes the case for publishing children's books in Indigenous languages. Besides the necessity of preserving Indigenous languages and continuity of Indigenous oral traditions, having children's books in Indigenous languages is also about representation in literature. "The power of children’s books cannot be underestimated in any cultural setting," Cahill writes. "However, when published in Indigenous languages, it gives a powerful boost to cultural identity and reinforces the message, 'YOU are important. YOU are valued.' The more representation seen at a young age, the more respect is given to identity and the community as we grow."


Also:

  • "If you’re coming back to books for the first time in a long time, or even the first time ever, the idea of sitting down with a whole novel might seem more than a little overwhelming." Constance Grady got some librarians to share how they help (re)introduce books to readers.
  • Malaysians are reading more today, but the literacy rate and book culture could be improved further. Meanwhile, a chat with the owner of the Malaysian independent bookstore TokoSue suggests the local book industry may be evolving, rather than dying out. "This emphasis on curation, community and experience appears to resonate with book lovers as while mammoth bookstores struggle to stay afloat, cosy independents like TokoSue are still standing," states the report by The Malaysian Reserve.
  • Book Riot lays out why readers should care about the ongoing strike by the Writers Guild of America (WGA). "..., there’s more at stake in this strike than when fall TV shows will return. Below is a guide to the strike for book lovers, including why it might impact publishing and authors, and information on how to support the striking writers."
  • "Writers often publish books that showcase a sanitised version of history—gatekeeping aspects that don’t fit their narrative. But then again, writers in the present have begun to dismantle these well-established notions, mainly with the help of the post-colonial and reorientation paradigm." Writer and journalist Yug Pathak speaks with The Kathmandu Post about his reading journey, and how books can help shape the public psyche and introduce new ideas.
  • In The Spinoff, Claire Mabey provides a glimpse into the world of posthumous publishing. "We often think of art as a way to keep a person alive: that you’ll never be forgotten so long as your books, paintings, music etc continue to be appreciated. But what happens to the care of that art after you’re gone? Who makes the decisions?"
  • "On a surface level, some things really haven’t changed. There's a lot of drinking. There's a lot of drug use. There's a lot of misogyny. There's a lot of ego. There's also a lot of excitement and electricity. Part of the reason Mad Men works is because, at least sometimes in the boardroom, you're exhilarated. There's something thrilling and sexy about the work, so I don’t think that’s changed either." Ben Purkert speaks with Esquire about his novel, The Men Can't Be Saved, and what's it like working in an ad agency.

Sunday 6 August 2023

Book Marks: Japan's Zine Culture, Etc.

The South China Morning Post reports on the zine culture in Japan. One story is about a Japanese guy who "published a zine chronicling his time working as a barista in Melbourne, Australia, for a year", instead of publishing it on social media. Keisuke Nagura didn't have any experience making a zine nor did he make a profit selling it, that didn't matter. “It reaffirmed my love for coffee culture and the joy of having something I can hold in my hands and share with others,” he stated.

I see some parallels with doujinshi-making, and the appeal of having something tangible in one's possession as opposed to an on-screen digital portfolio. Making physical art makes it less ephmeral and a testament to the creator's passion to bring something in the imagination to life. If only making art was a viable way to earn a living...


Elsewhere:

  • In Zimbabwe, a bunch of women writers are telling stories of their country, particularly of its postcolonial history. “It is a burden to carry because Zimbabwe is not a forgiving country, especially if you choose to use your voice, if you are opinionated,” Dr Tinashe Mushakavanhu, a research fellow in African and comparative literature at the University of Oxford, tells the Guardian. “You find that in the ways that Zimbabweans react to social media ... to be a woman who is writing [about] a country is not easy in that context."
  • "Children want to learn about lives beyond their own, and they want to accept. And for the children who already understand very well what it’s like to live the lives the characters in these books do, it’s more a matter of mirroring, of seeing someone like oneself filled with joy and thriving – something everyone deserves." Alex DiFrancesco, editor of gender and sexuality books for Jessica Kingsley Publishers, speaks of the culture wars.
  • "In buying books, I’m feeding the delusion that I will get to them all. Because, from my cockeyed perspective, it’s the noble thing to do. And perhaps it takes me back to better times." Chris Vognar's book hoarding is shared by many, and I don't doubt that they too "will get to them all." Like Vognar, I think that for many hoarders, it's the journey of discovery, the hope that one book will lead to one thing, then to another thing, preferably another book. Everything else along the way is a bonus. But as we grow older and books become more expensive and our collections bulk up, hard decisions will have to be made.
  • This excerpt from Chasing Shadows: My Life Tracking the Great White Shark by shark expert Greg Skomal and journalist and writer Ret Talbot would have been a great addition to a list of reads about sharks I had been compiling. That it's only published this year is no excuse for my omission. One more for the TBR pile, then.
  • The ordeals of a Chinese novelist bring the hardships facing Chinese writers telling stories of the real China – not the santitised, glossed-up and perfumed narratives approved by Beijing under Xi Jinping – into relief. The bans from publishing platforms; the threats, intimidations and insults from members of the security forces; and more. Enough to make one angry or despair.
  • "Translating and publishing books without permission from authors or publishers is a punishable crime," reports The Kathmandu Post. "But Nepal’s book market is full of such unauthorised translations and prints of books written by the who’s who of the world literature." And how. From Robert Kiyosaki and JK Rowling to Taslima Nasrin, unauthorised (and poorly done) translations and pirated copies flood the Nepali book market in defiance of local laws.
  • Dashka Slater, author of the The 57 Bus, issues a call for support of writers whose works are being targeted for bans in the American culture wars. "Well-placed lawsuits may eventually put an end to clearly unconstitutional censorship laws, but succeeding in court requires time, money, and an unbiased judiciary. For now, we have no choice but to fight where the battle is being waged—at school board meetings and statehouses. And frankly, we need our allies to start showing up."
  • Raymond Chandler's The Big Sleep, one of several novels under Vintage's Black Lizard collection, is reissued with a trigger warning over what is considered outdated language. I mean, it first came out in 1939. The Daily Mail also reported that similar warnings and notices were also added to novels from other authors such as Ernest Hemingway, Virginia Woolf, and PG Wodehouse. Sucks, but better than bowdlerising or creative editing of such books.
  • "The right editor at the right house, pitched by the right agent. The right sales person liking your book. The right bookseller getting excited about it. The right store buyer taking a punt, the right reviewer getting sent your copy. None of those things will individually make or break a book, but all of those things aligning can launch a novel, and enough of them going right in a row will have a cascading effect in your favour." Sunyi Dean speaks with Grimdark about her debut novel, The Book Eaters, writing, and more.
  • After Henry VIII had Anne Boleyn executed, he had every trace of her erased, including her books. One of those was the Book of Hours, a prayer book that had hand-painted woodcuts and over 1,500 devotional texts. The book was found in 1903 but what happened to it remained a mystery "until 2020 when Kate McCaffrey, then a graduate student at the University of Kent working on her master’s thesis about Anne Boleyn’s Book of Hours", uncovered clues to the identities of those who passed it down throughout the years to keep the queen's memory alive.
  • "One of the big misconceptions about translations is that the translation is not copyrighted. That’s not true, said [Yilin] Wang. Even though Qiu Jin’s poems may be out of copyright, Wang’s translations of her poems are copyrighted for Wang." Yilin Wang – who's facing off against the British Museum for using her translations for an exhibit without permission, compensation, and proper acknowledgement – speaks to Book Riot on the feminist poet Qiu Jin, the art of translating, and #NameTheTranslator.
  • The longlist for the Booker Prize (not the International Booker Prize, which is for translated works) is out and, what do you know, The House of Doors by Tan Twan Eng is in it. Is this his third longlisting? He was one of the judges for the Booker's sister prize this year, which was won by Bulgarian author Georgi Gospodinov and translator Angela Rodel for the novel Time Shelter. Thinking of this with a chuckle as I recall an anecdote of someone who was peeved with Tan winning an award a decade ago. What other accolades will The House of Doors bag?
  • "While I hope that every book I write brings something new into the world and makes others feel seen or enriched, I don’t think it’s my job as a fiction author to educate people on my experience. I also just don’t think that the immigrant experience is a monolith. It’s so complex. Even just the Vietnamese-American experience." Vietnamese-American novelist Thao Thai speaks to Observer about her debut, Banyan Moon.
  • "Book editors are the unsung heroes of the publishing world, polishing manuscripts until they shine like gems," writes Beatrice Manuel on Make Use Of (MUO). "If you're eager to embark on this exciting journey of words and pages, and want to become a book editor, here's how you can get started." Wish I had these tips when I started out in late 2010. Back then it was sink or swim, even though I had some editorial experience prior.

Sunday 30 July 2023

Book Marks: BookTok, Disabled Authors

After last week's book news deluge, I'm a little glad things are quiet this week. Still sticking with the weekly programme, and I hope I can keep this up. Now...

Is BookTok doing what Goodreads is supposed to do? Besides extolling the authenticity of BookTokers and BookTok's utility as a book promotion and recommendation platform, Maggie Siciliano also writes about how much fun TikTok has injected into book marketing, boosting certain titles and their authors' careers. Not quite what Goodreads is notorious for these days.

While some are enthusiastic about TikTok's contributions to book culture, others express caution. Sarah Manavis feels that with TikTok's foray into publishing, virality would end up dictating what publishers produce. Examples provided include "conventional romance novels, trashy thrillers, self-help and the kind of scientifically dubious non-fiction you’d be be recommended by an account manager on LinkedIn."

Arguably, these are the kinds of titles that gets people talking because of how polarising they can be, plus they contain so much to nitpick and discuss. TikTok, I feel, is becoming the place where many who read (and attempt to write) these sorts of novels converge. Romance, conventional or otherwise, plus "trashy" thrillers, are the escapist realms of choice, though if one drifts away from the anglophone sphere, one might find trashy self-insert harem fantasies and BL-themed material as well.

At The Walrus, Tajja Isen is concerned that if TikTok going into publishing, the company might spotlighting the books it wants to promote, at the expense of others, thus ruining what made the platform such a force in book promotion. "There can be no grassroots thrill of discovery, no sleeper hits outside the allotted publicity window, no passion-driven community of readers, if the only books people hear about are ones that the algorithm has decided to force in front of them." That certainly is a danger, and one can only hope that ByteDance will do what's best for it.

People who want to write books will write books, and fans of other genres will get the word out on their faves, probably with less fanfare. That will make them harder to find, but isn't that part of the fun? There are those who build their reputations on finding these rare gems and a bigger field means more opportunities for the next big literary score.



"Working from home has been a huge help in managing my fibromyalgia — being in front of my laptop in my own environment, instead of commuting to an office, means I’m much less tired and helps me avoid triggers for my chronic pain." Alice Nuttall shares her experiences as a disabled writer and tells of the challenges others like her face in their career.

Accessibility is an issue, exposure is another. As awareness grows, I think, the disabled will get their voices out and more disabled writers will get due recognition. Writers such as Sao Ichikawa, winner of the Akutagawa Prize for literature, for her novel Hanchibakku ("The Hunchback"). Speaking to reporters, Ichikawa wondered why she was the first disabled Akutagawa Prize laureate. “I wrote this novel thinking that it is a problem that there were few authors with disabilities.” May she not be the last.


In other news:

  • "With robots, pirates and witches, LGBTQ+ authors are making their mark in the fantasy genre. Maximizing the endless possibilities of magical realms, these authors say they can create safe worlds devoid of prejudices, such as homophobia and transphobia, opening a universe where readers can discover themselves along the way." At a time when works by LGBTQ+ are being targeted for bans, like in the United States, safe spaces like the magical places in fiction can make a big difference.
  • Claire Armitstead goes on a bookshop crawl in Birmingham to find out why independent bookstores seem to be thriving, and whether the boom can be sustained. "It is a qualitative survey inspired by surprising news that, at a time when a lot of shops are struggling amid a cost of living crisis that has followed hot on the heels of a pandemic, bookselling is thriving."
  • Books and other works are shedding light on Japan’s ties with the opium trade in China. The Asahi Shimbun article opens with how the trade is featured in the manga Manshu Ahen Squad ("Manchuria Opium Squad"), the cover of which I've seen once. "[Historian Goichi] Yamada would often say that opium was an 'underhand source of revenue' for Japan," the report states.
  • As Twitter sinks, Goodreads stagnates, and the future of other social media sites seem wobbly, Molly Templeton wonders if there is a place where bookworms can find community, minus the hype, drama, and the whims of insecure owners of digital platforms. "What does a better bookish internet look like?" she asks. "It can’t just be one thing, one site, one platform. It needs more legs to stand on, and more ways to catch itself when a pillar crumbles."

Sunday 23 July 2023

Book Marks: Fact-Checking Books, Why Writers Write, Author Welfare

Australian publisher Hachette has pulled the memoir of a retired police officer from publication after concerns were raised about its accuracy. The report states: "The case raises a number of questions: chiefly, what kind of fact-checking processes, if any, do publishers use when commissioning and editing non-fiction books, especially memoirs?"

This is probably not the first time these questions were asked. In 2019, The New York Times published a story on errors in books by some high-profile authors and ponders the question of who should be responsible for fact-checking books, especially those with controversial subject matter that would invite more intense scrutiny.

"Publishers have long maintained that fact-checking every book would be prohibitively expensive," says the report, "and that the responsibility falls on authors, who hold the copyrights. But in today’s polarized media landscape, that stance appears to be shifting as some publishers privately agree that they should be doing more, particularly when the subject matter is controversial."

I'd probably say that books in general are being scrutinised more closely than ever. Even fiction is being closely read and hiccups found, like that book featuring a now-famous recipe for red dye. Technology allows books to be searched digitally, and social media helps drive the urge to find and publicise stuff – and stir up drama.

Trust as an element in publishing is no longer sufficient, not just for factual errors but also instances of plagiarism. Publishers may need to step up when authors fall short in fact-checking and verification of their works, non-fiction in particular.



John P. Weiss shares a bit from his writing life, and ponders one's aim of writing and how to course-correct when one loses one's way as a writer. I also like his idea of adding illustrations to his posts and articles.

This was my problem as well midway into my spell writing for money. It was a way to earn extra cash but as time went by, I would strive to "write better", lapsing into analysis paralysis when researching, furiously nitpicking each piece to death for anything that would undermine my arguments, and forgetting to just write. I'd only begun to emerge from the rut, but those tendencies remain.

I would've found Weiss's article helpful during the worst of it. Hacking algorithms for exposure is one way to get noticed but Weiss cautions against being consumed by numbers and money and forgetting the reason one writes. "We need fewer algorithm hacks and a lot more storytellers," he writes, "so we’ll remember 'who we are and why we’re here.'”

Hence, I believe that once we remember the "why", everything else starts falling into place, even for those who solely rely on writing to pay the bills. Kind of how author and inspirational speaker Simon Sinek exhorts his audiences to find the "why" in what they do.



With the ongoing debate about work-life balance and how to achieve it, steps are being taken to address author and staff well-being in the United Kingdom. According to the Guardian...
This month, Anna Frame, communications director at the independent publisher Canongate, has confirmed the launch of two initiatives: an authors’ handbook in partnership with the Society of Authors (SoA) and a resource pack for publishers, in conjunction with English Pen. Canongate has also announced that it will publish fewer books so that it can dedicate more time to authors.

These measures follow news that the Orion publishing group will establish an academy for debut novelists with the aim of “demystifying the process and ensuring expectations are clear”.

Writing can be a lonely endeavour, with no support even from publishers. This is especially true for debut authors, and we haven't gotten into what happens after the manuscript is sent to print. These days it's not just writing; authors are also expected to market their work and engage their audiences, and not all writers can cope. Red tape, corporate culture shock, nasty Goodreads users, impostor syndrome ... small wonder some writers need help at some point.

Jonny Diamond at the Literary Hub also picked up the news, via a "particularly ungenerous Twitter thread", and lambasted the replies to the thread telling debut authors to "shut up and deal with it". Diving into authorship and publishing can be hard on newbies and Diamond is glad that "the publishing world in the UK is taking this seriously. We should be lifting up the younger generation of writers as they come of age in an era of never ending war, periodic plague, and climate doom." Aye, and I hope this catches on elsewhere.



TikTok is now into book awards too. The vlogging platform launched the TikTok Book Awards UK and Ireland to celebrate and recognise "the books, the independent book shops, the authors and the creators that have made the #BookTok community such a unique place." Now, the shortlist(s) for the inaugural awards are out, with categories that include BookTok Book of the Year, BookTok Author of the Year, Indie Bookshop of the Year, Best BookTok Revival, and Best Book I Wish I Could Read Again for the First Time.

While BookTok and Bookstagram play a huge role in PR for books, what happens when book-related merch enters the equation? "Now, many publicity and marketing campaigns are created with influencers in mind, with TikTok video-worthy PR boxes and branded swag that’s designed to create a social media moment upon a book’s publication. The question, then, isn’t if influencer culture is changing book marketing and publicity, but how."

Digital platforms rely on user input and incorporates algorithms to tailor user experience. Audiences searching for things of interest can end up with results where what's popular or hot can be determined by users who can game the system, skewing search results, recommendations, or previews (Malaysian YouTube, ugh). Book-related swag may be a viable promotion method, but one wonders whether the reception to the related merch can make a book look better than it really is. As arbiters of taste, platforms such as TikTok, Instagram, or Goodreads are only as good as what their user bases are into.



After the lawsuits comes the open letter. More than 8.500 authors from several genres of writing criticised makers of large language AI models for using their work to train the AI without permission or compensation. The letter also claims that, of course, AI threatens authors' livelihoods and "urges tech companies behind the AI models to obtain the writers’ permission before using their works and compensate them fairly for the past and ongoing use of their works in their generative AI programs."

Whether this will help pressure tech firms to rein in their AI development with copyrighted material is hard to tell, as finding evidence of AI being trained on such material is hard and the world is only beginning to reckon with the advent of AI in a growing number of sectors. The technology is still new and error-prone, so we still have time to adjust.

Meanwhile, publishers and writers keep pushing the envelope with regard to AI-generated content, driving a tsunami of machine-written material. Hachette is publishing poems by an AI poet – has the precursor to Jeff Hewitt's imagined AI author ORWELL arrived?

Developments in tech are moving fast but Elizabeth Minkel at WIRED doesn't think AI will disrupt books much and that the tech bros hyping the earth-shaking potential of AI to do so don't understand the medium or readers at all. She quotes writer and book-industry observer Maris Kreizman: “I don’t think they’re coming to that with a love of fiction or an understanding of why people read fiction. If they were, they wouldn’t make these suggestions that nobody wants."


Also:

  • In the Livingston County News is the Los Angeles Times interview with author RF Kuang about her latest novel, Yellowface. "Speaking from New Haven, Connecticut, where she is pursuing a PhD from Yale in East Asian languages and literature," the report goes, "Kuang admitted with delight that 'every single thing that happens is based on a real scandal.' Folding in everything from the 'American Dirt' controversy to the 'Bad Art Friend' debate was part of the fun of writing a novel whose dizzying absurdities ... are still no match for reality."
  • Bentala Naga, a book based on a legend told through Makyong performances, is being released in Italy as Bentala – Regina dei Naga: Una Leggenda Makyong ("Queen of the Nagas: A Makyong Legend"). The book by local author Ninot Aziz drew the attention of Italian publisher LetterarieMenti at the 2022 Frankfurt Book Fair, and they wanted to publish the Italian translation of it. Hope the Italians will like it.
  • A "quiet revolution" is reportedly happening in British publishing as several major book prizes were all scooped up by small publishers. And one reason is what many feel indies can do better than larger publishing houses: "...because commercial pressures at large houses encourage cautious commissioning, nimbler indies – operating with tighter margins – step into the void and give choice-starved readers the books that corporate imprints deem unsaleable or otherwise risky."
  • In a new book is an incredible story about Rekhabai, a fiery tawaif (courtesan, or female performer) in the mid-1900s, written by her son. One sees some parallels with the geishas in Japan, though the courtesan culture has died out in India. One is also reminded of another biography, No Bed of Roses, about the legendary entertainer Rose Chan.
  • On the topic of tough women ... a graphic novel about Edith Garrud, pioneering instructor of women's self-defence and key figure in the British women's suffrage movement? Check out the excerpts and see if it interests you. Scheduled to be released on 1 August, though it's unsure if copies will be available in bookstores here.
  • Know those donation drives every time there's a natural disaster? And reports of discarded or unusable items being "donated" to the victims? Getting those vibes from this piece advising against donating used or unwanted books for good causes. "Just as USAID claims to fight famine by sending surplus food from American farmers, Books for Africa will send surplus books from America. In both cases, their free goods undermine the ability of African countries to produce things for themselves."
  • In June, Kelly Jensen at Book Riot "distributed an author survey to gauge the impact of book bans on authors. The survey specifically sought to look at where or how school and library visit invitations have changed since 2021 — the first year this wave of book bans really caught fire." The results are in and, yes, the impact is sizeable.
  • Someone is clamouring for romance hardcovers, not just for practical reasons but sentimental ones as well. "The average reader — who isn’t particularly a collector — would still be able to maintain their habit, but if they wanted a prized hardcover to keep on the shelf, or if they simply prefer reading hardcovers for accessibility or other reasons, they would have the chance to get them."
  • Author, poet and literary critic Amit Chaudhuri once wrote that "colonialism hadn't introduced the cheesecake to the Indian middle class, but globalisation did". But journalist Priyadarshini Chatterjee found recipes for cheesecake – which uses no cheese – in a Bengali book published in 1904, almost 120 years ago. "History tells us that not all cheesecakes are made of cheese," she writes, "least of all cream cheese." Would Max Miller of Tasting History be interested?
  • Can I just leave this here? I believe this piece is about the importance of editing and why a book must be well edited to avoid the necessity of abridgement. This is also a good argument for not bowdlerising books published a long time ago; such books are records of the views of the time and sanitising them of objectionable content runs the risks of whitewashing history. Teach readers how to engage problematic content.
  • A book reviewer in Australia has been caught cobbling reviews from publishers' descriptions of the books, plus text in those books and material from other reviews. The article tries to discern whether the reviewer, a well-known figure in Australian academia, was plagiarising, cobbling, or both. This plagia-cobbling strategy sounds like a go-to for writers who have to review books despite being short on time and energy and having no access to those books. But if they had the books, is there an excuse for this?
  • Celebrity autobiographies are often ghostwritten and readers understand that. But what of celebrity novels? "Do the rules that apply to the celebrity memoir remain the same when it comes to celebrity-authored fiction that has been ghostwritten?" asks the Guardian.
  • A short Q&A with Henry Hoke, author of Open Throat, about a ... queer mountain lion living under the Hollywood sign? "Observing passing hikers, young lovers, and residents of the nearby encampment from the shadows, the lion comes to understand that they live in a city they believe to be known as 'ellay' and that their trauma resulting from their vicious father still resonates today." I should make a note about this title.
  • A deep dive into the "third space for reading and the future of modern literature" that is the fanfiction sphere. "Fanfiction ... exemplifies the transformative potential of literature and pop culture, offering consumers and readers an agency to channel their creativity while engaging, moulding, and connecting with the stories and characters from the fictional universe that captivates us," reports The Daily Star of Bangladesh.

Sunday 16 July 2023

Book Marks: News From India, Goodreads, Djuna's New Book

Quite a few interesting bits coming out of India last week. First, I love this story about the rise of the housewife author in India, especially how it starts...

It was while drying fresh chillies in the sun that Theertha Shivu thought of plotting an abduction. But it was past midnight by the time the 30-year-old homemaker from a village near Kushalnagar in Coorg got down to writing the next episode of her serialised serial killer story on Pratilipi, a digital storytelling platform.

First, she had to get all the house and farm work done, make sure the in-laws were asleep, the five goats and four dogs were fed before turning her attention to ‘Murder: A Police Love Story’ about a killer who preys on women with cat eyes but then falls in love with the police officer investigating his case.

The kicker is when the husband pooh-pooh's the wife's writing "until the money started rolling in". Writer's block? Muse on holiday? Dry some fresh chillies in the sun! Who knew it would be so effective?

The report goes on to profile several other such writers, who published on digital e-book platforms such as Pratilipi and Amazon India's Kindle Direct publishing. "Of Pratilipi's 9.5 lakh (950,000) writers in 12 languages, about 70% are women and almost all the top writers are housewives, followed by teachers, self-employed professionals and IT employees."

One could argue that the housewife author has already made waves long before this piece was written. I hate bringing up EL James, but ... well, many, many more like her have written books and stories that have their own audiences and fan bases on digital platforms, waiting for a journalist, blogger or TikToker to bring them under the spotlight. The next big thing might not be too far off.

Also making their mark are several South Asian novelists in this article on Homegrown, most of whom are women. The article seems to be making the case for a growing South Asian influence on the global literary scene, citing the inclusion of three South Asian writers in the 2022 Booker longlist.

Owing to a renewed surge in funding, forward looking publishers and mentorship programs, it seems like our homegrown authors are finally prodding at the Jenga tower of literary culture, causing it to wobble and upend the warped power dynamics of how the world perceives South Asian writing.

Will it? Regardless, more is better than less, in terms of volume and variety of reading material. South Asia has a long and huge literary tradition, and its contribution to world literary canon is more than welcome. The featured titles look interesting too.

While Americans are at odds over drag queens reading stories to children, in Mumbai, a drag artist cosplaying as a librarian hosted a children's tea part and read to them The Many Colours of Anshu, part of a growing canon of LGBTQ+ fiction coming out from India. The article is heartening because...

Instead of straightforward tales with a moral ending, these stories have gay couples, non-binary people, and transgender persons as their main characters. Many authors are also questioning the “elitist and Western” language of homosexuality like ‘coming out of the closet’, ‘queer’ and ‘pride’, which they argue has little resonance with a majority of Indians. And in doing so, they are gently nudging young minds while helping parents broach seemingly daunting topics.

While there are some commonalities, the LGBTQ+ experience is different from one country to another, and having local authors tackle and write about LGBTQ+ lives and issues in the local context is important in terms of representation, raising awareness and nurturing understanding.

And in this Q&A with Rahul Soni, associate publisher at HarperCollins India, translator, and co-founder of a bilingual literary journal, also called Pratilipi. It's Sanskrit for "you become what you read" and I'm guessing it strikes a chord with readers in the subcontinent. The interview is insightful and it's nice to hear from professionals in publishing, editing and translating from time to time.



Irish writer Megan Nolan decries the weaponisation of Goodreads' "hugely reductive ratings process" and noted its role in fostering "a number of sinister controversies in recent years." She also brings up another question: should one need to have written a book to criticise one?

When told I reviewed food but didn't cook it, a former colleague felt it was ... hypocritical? Not right, in essence. I've since fixed that to a degree, though I've long stopped reviewing food even before the pandemic lockdowns began and dining in was prohibited.

Does the same apply to books? Nolan doesn't seem to think so. Having been a books editor for about a decade and written over a hundred reviews, I think I'm qualified to be a book critic, despite occasional attacks of impostor syndrome.



Kate Knibbs at Wired manages to snag an e-mail interview with mysterious South Korean sci-fi legend Djuna (with the author's translator as the go-between) after reading the English edition of their newest book, Counterweight.

I have no idea how much artistic licence the translator took with the replies, but it's surprisingly interesting and provides a glimpse into the sci-fi writing scene in South Korea, also talking about films and manhwa.

And if you think going by pseudonyms is strange, Djuna reveals that "Last year, the nominees for the Korean Sci-Fi Awards’ webnovel category included CatG, ISteppedOnLego [SNRK], Hongbi, Neon Sign (Nehreuk), Shipstick, Yeonsanho, 2-ga 0, Songeum, Sanhocho, and Choongek. Only the winner, Yeon Sanho, had a normal-sounding Korean name." Very K-pop-esque.



A new Mississippi book-banning law may cut off minors' access to e-books or audiobooks through public libraries.

"Many libraries utilize resources like OverDrive and Hoopla to allow library cardholders instant access to a wide array of e-books and audiobooks," the report goes. "This means that libraries can’t offer these resources unless they can verify that all the content on these platforms complies with Mississippi’s bill or have a system in place to prevent minors from accessing content that isn’t in compliance with the bill."

Ultimately, a ban is less of a hassle than any attempt to monitor what minors read or categorise material according to age.


Elsewhere...

  • In Afghanistan, Taliban rule is stifling the book industry, and Kabul-based journalist Hujjatullah Zia is concerned: "Overnight, Afghan book publishing has gone from being a flourishing sector ... to a struggling and risky business venture. Afghans have gone from being avid readers to not being able to afford books. I have gone from being a proud author and book owner to a despaired man who has tried and failed to hold on to an intellectual life in Afghanistan."
  • Zimbabwean playwright, filmmaker and award-winning novelist Tsitsi Dangarembga speaks with New Zimbabwe about her new non-fiction book, AI, activism, the International Images Film Festival for Women, and more.
  • A long-forgotten 1930s novel acclaimed by George Orwell and W.H. Auden will be republished after a Manchester bartender rediscovered it and solved the mystery about the author's last wishes, succeeding where academics failed. The bartender managed to get the book republished too. Never underestimate bartenders and the social networks around the local watering hole.
  • Not long after a foundation linked to Hungarian president Viktor OrbĂĄn took over the country's largest bookstore chain and publisher, Libri, certain books sold by the chain are now being wrapped in plastic. To no one's surprise, these include books with LGBTQ+ characters, such as Micol Ostow’s Riverdale series and Alice Oseman’s graphic novel Heartstopper.
  • Molly Templeton waxes lyrical over "books that no one else knows about". The term is used loosely because there is always the chance that someone else knows about "that book no one else knows about but me" – and if those people meet there will be lots to talk about, mostly about the book.
  • Here's an argument against posthumous editing of books for today's sensibilities, which adds that the practice could lead to call to remove anything labelled "offensive" from existing books, like what the US book bans are trying to accomplish. At any rate, "We don’t need to update authors’ books to reflect contemporary values because our contemporary values are reflected by authors writing books right now."
  • Authors Sarah Silverman, Richard Kadrey and Christopher Golden have filed two lawsuits against OpenAI and Meta, the creators of AI language models ChatGPT and LLaMA, respectively. The lawsuits allege that the language models were trained on the authors' books without permission, pointing to summaries of the books produced by ChatGPT that I assume were so damn good, they could've only have come from "reading" the source material. This bunch joins authors Mona Awad and Paul Tremblay, who sued OpenAI for the same reason.
  • It happens: you're reading books in a series and you eventually end up hating the whole bunch. Is there any reason to continue reading the series once the interest wanes? Over at Tor.com, James Davis Nicoll gives five reasons to finish a book (or a series) you don't love.